Table 1 Saponins of Hedera nepalensis characterized by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS

15

C₅₉H₉₆O₂₇

Hederasaponin G

+ 

1254.6511

[M + NH₄]⁺

1237.6251 [M + H]⁺

1075.5465 [M + H-C₆H₁₀O₅]⁺

943.5270 [M + H-C₁₁H₁₈O₉]⁺

797.4641 [M + H-C₁₆H₂₄O₁₄]⁺

635.4247 [M + H-C₂₂H₃₄O₁₉]⁺

473.6549 [M + H-C₂₈H₄₄O₂₄]⁺

20

C₆₀H₉₈O₂₇

Hederagenin 3-O-[α-L-Rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-glucopyranoside], 28-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl] ester

–

1249.6253

[M-H]⁻

779.4580 [M-H-C₁₈H₃₀O₁₄]⁻

469.1681 [M-H-C₃₀H₅₀O₂₃]⁻

21

C₅₈H₉₂O₂₆

30-Norhederagenin 3-O-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside], 28-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl] ester

or

30-Norhederagenin 3-O-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside], 28-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-(β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4))-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl] ester

 + 

1222.6232

[M + NH₄]⁺

1205.6032 [M + H]⁺

1073.5480 [M + H-C₅H₈O₄]⁺

927.4980 [M + H-C₁₁H₁₈O₈]⁺

765.4387 [M + H-C₁₆H₂₄O₁₄]⁺

603.3930 [M + H-C₂₂H₃₄O₁₉]⁺

457.3304 [M + H-C₂₈H₄₄O₂₃]⁺

439.3211 [M + H- C₂₈H₄₆O₂₄]⁺

22

C₃₆H₅₈O₈

Hederagenin 3-O-α-L-Rhamnopyranoside

or

Hederagenin 28-O-α-L-Rhamnopyranoside

 + 

619.4214

[M + H]⁺

473.3622 [M + H-C₆H₁₀O₄]⁺

455.3503 [M + H-C₆H₁₂O₅]⁺

437.3398 [M + H-C₆H₁₄O₆]⁺

391.3355 [M + H-C₇H₁₆O₈]⁺

23

C₅₉H₉₆O₂₆

Hederasaponin C

–

1219.6122

[M-H]⁻

749.4516 [M-H-C₁₈H₃₀O₁₄]⁻

603.3934 [M-H-C₂₄H₄₀O₁₈]⁻

469.1586 [M-H-C₂₉H₅₀O₂₂]⁻

24

C₅₃H₈₆O₂₂

Hederagenin 3-O-[α-L-Rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-arabinopyranoside], 28-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl] ester

–

1119.5594

[M + HCOO]⁻

1073.5595 [M-H]⁻

749.4546 [M-H-C₁₂H₂₀O₁₀]⁻

603.3944 [M-H-C₁₈H₃₀O₁₄]⁻

469.1593 [M-H-C₂₃H₄₀O₁₈]⁻

25

C₃₆H₅₈O₈

Hederagenin 28-O-α-L-Rhamnopyranoside

or

Hederagenin 3-O-α-L-Rhamnopyranoside

 + 

619.4208

[M + H]⁺

473.3628 [M + H-C₆H₁₀O₄]⁺

455.3506 [M + H-C₆H₁₂O₅]⁺

437.3400 [M + H-C₆H₁₄O₆]⁺

391.3358 [M + H-C₇H₁₆O₈]⁺

26

C₅₈H₉₂O₂₅

Ciwujianoside B

–

1187.5867

[M-H]⁻

717.4183 [M-H-C₁₈H₃₀O₁₄]⁻

469.1551 [M-H-C₄₀H₆₂O₁₁]⁻

27

C₆₁H₉₈O₂₇

Hederagenin 3-O-[α-L-Rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-arabinopyranoside], 28-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-6-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl] ester

 + 

1263.6378

[M + H]⁺

1117.5852 [M + H-C₆H₁₀O₄]⁺

985.5379 [M + H-C₁₁H₁₈O₈]⁺

839.4808 [M + H-C₁₇H₂₈O₁₂]⁺

473.3631 [M + H-C₃₁H₅₀O₂₃]⁺

455.3498 [M + H-C₃₁H₅₂O₂₄]⁺

437.3405 [M + H-C₃₁H₅₄O₂₅]⁺

409.3453 [M + H-C₃₂H₅₄O₂₆]⁺

28

C₄₁H₆₄O₁₃

Momordin I

–

763.4302

[M-H]⁻

631.3833 [M-H-C₅H₈O₄]⁻

455.3520 [M-H-C₁₁H₁₆O₁₀]⁻

29

C₆₃H₁₀₀O₂₈

Hederagenin 3-O-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-4-O-acetyl-α-L-rhamnopyranoside], 28-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-6-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl] ester

or

Hederagenin 3-O-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-4-O-acetyl-α-L-rhamnopyranoside], 28-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-(6-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6))-β-D-glucopyranosyl] ester

 + 

1305.6486

[M + H]⁺

1173.6058 [M + H-C₅H₈O₄]⁺

985.5483 [M + H-C₁₃H₂₀O₉]⁺

839.4754 [M + H-C₁₉H₃₀O₁₃]⁺

635.4241 [M + H-C₂₇H₄₂O₁₉]⁺

473.3641 [M + H-C₃₃H₅₂O₂₄]⁺

455.3576 [M + H-C₃₃H₅₄O₂₅]⁺

437.3468 [M + H-C₃₃H₅₆O₂₆]⁺

409.3480 [M + H-C₃₄H₅₆O₂₇]⁺

30

C₅₉H₉₆O₂₅

Hederasaponin B

–

1203.6178

[M-H]⁻

733.4534 [M-H-C₁₈H₃₀O₁₄]⁻

455.3608 [M-H-C₂₉H₄₈O₂₂]⁻

31

C₅₃H₈₆O₂₁

Oleanolic acid 3-O-[α-L-Rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-arabinopyranoside], 28-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl] ester

–

1103.5666

[M + HCOO]⁻

1057.5611 [M-H]⁻

733.4489 [M-H-C₁₂H₂₀O₁₀]⁻

587.4014 [M-H-C₁₈H₃₀O₁₄]⁻

455.3503 [M-H-C₂₃H₃₈O₁₈]⁻

32

C₆₁H₉₈O₂₆

Oleanolic acid 3-O-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside], 28-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-6-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl] ester

or

Oleanolic acid 3-O-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside], 28-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-(6-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2))-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl] ester

 + 

1264.6710

[M + NH₄]⁺

1247.6405 [M + H]⁺

1115.5701 [M + H-C₅H₈O₄]⁺

969.5428 [M + H-C₁₁H₁₈O₈]⁺

807.4700 [M + H-C₁₆H₂₄O₁₄]⁺

603.4191 [M + H-C₂₄H₃₆O₂₀]⁺

457.3599 [M + H-C₃₀H₄₆O₂₄]⁺

439.3587 [M + H-C₃₀H₄₈O₂₅]⁺

34

C₆₃H₁₀₀O₂₇

Oleanolic acid 3-O-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-4-O-acetyl-α-L-rhamnopyranoside], 28-O-[4-O-acetyl-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl] ester

or

Oleanolic acid 3-O-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-4-O-acetyl-α-L-rhamnopyranoside], 28-O-[4-O-acetyl-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-(β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6))-β-D-glucopyranosyl] ester

 + 

1306.6813

[M + NH₄]⁺

1289.6569 [M + H]⁺

1157.5950 [M + H-C₅H₈O₄]⁺

781.2318 [M + H-C₂₁H₃₂O₁₄]⁺

457.3660 [M + H-C₃₃H₅₂O₂₄]⁺

439.3566 [M + H-C₃₃H₅₄O₂₅]⁺

393.1386 [M + H-C₃₄H₅₆O₂₇]⁺

35

C₄₀H₆₂O₁₂

30-Norhederagenin 3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-arabinopyranoside]

–

733.4182

[M-H]⁻

587.3593 [M-H-C₆H₁₀O₄]⁻

455.3200 [M-H-C₁₁H₁₈O₈]⁻

36

C₃₆H₅₈O₉

Hederagenin 3-O-β-D-glucoside or Hederagenin 28-O-β-D-glucoside

–

633.4031

[M-H]⁻

471.3386 [M-H-C₆H₁₀O₅]⁻

37

C₃₆H₅₆O₁₀

Hederagenin 3-O-β-D-Glucuronopyranoside or Hederagenin 28-O-β-D-Glucuronopyranoside

–

647.3817

[M-H]⁻

471.3496 [M-H-C₆H₁₀O₅]⁻

39

C₄₁H₆₆O₁₂

α-Hederin

–

749.4504

[M-H]⁻

603.3910 [M-H-C₆H₁₀O₄]⁻

471.3516 [M-H-C₁₁H₁₈O₈]⁻

40

C₃₆H₅₆O₉

Oleanolic acid 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside

or Oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside

–

631.3864

[M-H]⁻

455.3292 [M-H-C₆H₈O₆]⁻

43

C₄₁H₆₆O₁₁

Oleanolic acid 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside, 28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl ester

or β-Hederin

–

733.4544

[M-H]⁻

587.4001 [M-H-C₆H₁₀O₄]⁻

455.3547 [M-H-C₁₁H₁₈O₈]⁻