Fig. 6
From: Inactivation of mammalian spermatozoa on the exposure of TiO2 nanorods deposited with noble metals
Fertilization competence of sperm incubated with/without TiO2 NRs. A Oocytes were fertilized with sperm incubated with control (W/O), Ag-loaded, and Au-loaded TiO2 NRs. B After IVF, fertilized oocytes were cultured for 144 h to observe subsequent embryo development. Numbers of inseminated oocytes are indicated in parentheses. Experiments were independently performed five times. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM. Lines (or dotted lines) among columns denote significant differences at *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01