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Table 4 Application of the suggested analytical method in real water samples (mean ± SD)

From: Development of dispersive solid-phase microextraction coupled with high-pressure liquid chromatography for the preconcentration and determination of the selected neonicotinoid insecticides

Sample

Added (µg L−1)

ACT

IMD

TCL

CLD

Found (µg L−1)

%R

Found (µg L−1)

%R

Found (µg L−1)

%R

Found (µg L−1)

%R

Influent

0

ND

–

ND

–

ND

–

ND

–

 

1.0

0.96 ± 0.02

96.0

0.95 ± 0.05

95.1

0.94 ± 0.01

94.1

0.96 ± 0.02

95.5

 

5.0

4.75 ± 0.12

95.1

4.91 ± 0.07

98.2

4.88 ± 0.03

97.6

4.84 ± 0.05

96.8

Effluent

0

ND

–

ND

–

ND

–

ND

–

 

1.0

0.87 ± 0.02

86.7

0.92 ± 0.03

92.1

0.90 ± 0.02

89.7

0.93 ± 0.01

92.9

 

5.0

4.78 ± 0.15

95.5

4.81 ± 0.12

96.2

4.67 ± 0.11

93.3

4.78 ± 0.12

95.6

River water

0

ND

–

ND

–

ND

–

ND

–

 

1.0

0.97 ± 0.02

96.8

0.98 ± 0.03

97.7

0.99 ± 0.04

98.8

0.96 ± 0.01

95.6

 

5.0

4.92 ± 0.11

98.4

4.86 ± 0.05

97.1

4.94 ± 0.14

98.8

4.96 ± 0.05

99.2

  1. ND Not detected