Table 1 Means and standard deviations (1 s) of heavy metal concentrations in six different particle sizes of RDS and TSS in runoff in this study

 > 1000

16.9 ± 3.7

(12.3–26.0)

110 ± 83

(42–292)

22 ± 6

(15–36)

353 ± 380

(81–1326)

261 ± 131

(119–524)

7.2 ± 6.0

(3.4–23.1)

0.7 ± 0.4

(0.2–1.5)

214 ± 128

(71–445)

500–1000

15.4 ± 1.6

(13.0–18.4)

223 ± 192

(69–614)

139 ± 311

(18–1072)

1273 ± 2539

(159–8828)

477 ± 183

(230–722)

9.7 ± 3.2

(6.3–16.9)

1.1 ± 0.7

(0.5–2.7)

448 ± 359

(130–1423)

250–500

13.7 ± 1.3

(11.8–15.8)

393 ± 255

(108–917)

87 ± 103

(22–349)

2340 ± 2511

(308–8081)

1089 ± 965

(356–3341)

13.4 ± 7.1

(5.9–31.8)

1.5 ± 0.9

(0.6–2.8)

974 ± 1413

(210–5094)

125–250

14.0 ± 1.6

(11.2–16.0)

691 ± 580

(154–2159)

238 ± 258

(46–945)

4056 ± 4851

(648–17,681)

1360 ± 793

(671–2973)

14.6 ± 4.3

(9.2–22.2)

2.9 ± 1.2

(1.5–4.9)

1342 ± 970

(378–3010)

63–125

15.4 ± 1.6

(11.2–17.6)

1094 ± 1263

(414–4829)

469 ± 655

(130–2408)

8245 ± 10,684

(1064–37,301)

1891 ± 646

(1175–2877)

15.4 ± 3.4

(10.3–22.9)

4.4 ± 2.4

(2.2–10.6)

2140 ± 1539

(682–4409)

 < 63

19.8 ± 2.0

(17.6–22.8)

1488 ± 1180

(434–4527)

638 ± 534

(210–2068)

20,089 ± 25,406

(4367–81,262)

2541 ± 587

(1797–3627)

28.5 ± 7.7

(15.4–38.0)

10.2 ± 3.3

(4.5–16.6)

5797 ± 3417

(1955–11,169)

TSS

23.2 ± 12.7

(2.0–37.9)

737 ± 501

(69–1445)

436 ± 528

(128–2006)

16,294 ± 8167

(1747–27,631)

9921 ± 4159

(3680–16,537)

26.1 ± 10.6

(6.2–39.3)

50.2 ± 23.5

(16.9–94.7)

2391 ± 1075

(156–3848)

Urban

Road

(Ansan)

 < 63^a

15.8

167

50.3

160

907

15.7

1.4

207

Urban road (Spain)

 < 63^b

–

–

–

124

630

–

38

350

Industrial road

(Gwangyang)

 < 63^c

–

841

246

193

2982

16.0

2.1

221