Fig. 3

a The ROS concentration produced in the process of antibacterial action against E. coli (mean ± SEM; n = 3) and b optic (left panels showing total cells) and fluorescent (right panels) images of E. coli in the absence and presence of Ag₃PO₄ under dark conditions and in the presence of Ag₃PO₄ under red-light (625 nm) and blue-light (460 nm) irradiation. DCFH-DA fluorescent dye was used for ROS detection. Scale bars are 10 μm in b. c The growth rate of E. coli in the absence or presence of 1 mM N-acetylcysteine (NAC) under dark conditions and in the presence of Ag₃PO₄ with or without 1 mM NAC under blue-light (460 nm, inverted triangles) irradiation. Bar graphs represent mean ± SEM (n = 3)