Table 4 Comparative list of the maximum sorption capacity (Q _max) for Pb²⁺ sorption of templated silica xerogel (H900) by different adsorbent reported in the literature

Sodium alginate supported tetrasodium thiacalix[4]arene tetrasulfonate (TSTC[4]AS-s-SA) nanogel

50

16.9

(Lakouraj et al. 2014).

Superparamagnetic nanocomposite of sodium alginate (Fe3O4@TSTC[4]AS-s-SA)

19.96

Biodegradable cyclodextrin-based gel (CAM)

25–150

210.6

(Huang et al. 2013).

Phanerochaete chryosporium immobilized in alginate gel beads live

30–600

282

(Arıca et al. 2003).

Immobilized spore containing alginate beads (heat inactivated fungus)

355

Palygorskite clay

25–800

104.28

(Chen and Wang 2007)

mwXG-g-PEA

50–500

142.86

(Pandey and Mishra 2012)

Magnetic chitosan hydrogel beads (m-CS/PVA/CCNFs)

10–500

171.0

(Zhou et al. 2014).

Chitosan entrapped in poly(acrylamide)

25–2000

173.88

(Akkaya and Ulusoy 2008)

Chitosan-g-poly(acrylic acid)/attapulgite/sodium humate (CTS-g-PAA/APT/SH) composite hydrogels

300–4000

862.07

(Zhang and Wang 2010)

Poly(acrylic acid) crosslinked by N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide/montmorillonite

50–500

1666.7

(Bulut et al. 2009)

Templated silica xerogel (H900)

500–2300

2000

Present study