Table 5 Bands assigned to the surface functional groups of NVNC before and after
|  | Wave number (cm −1 ) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Serial No. | NVNC (before) | NVNC (after) | Bond stretching |
1 | 3855.00, 3743.37, 3676.37, 3617.38 3563.84, 3386.65, 3289.23 | 3843.03, 3745.86, 3679.14, 3614.13, 3562.86, 3334.89, 3227.25 | -O-H in alcohols, acids, phenols, and -N-H in amines and amides |
2 | 2932.15, 2876.53, 2822.24, 2786.84 | 2957.30, 2866.67, 2828.66, 2747.80 | -C-H in -CH3 and -CH2 |
3 | 1866.07, 1832.92, 1743.93 | 1868.79, 1832.60, 1743. 59 | -C = O in carbonyl, carboxyl groups, and lactones |
4 | 1691.47 | 1691.51 | -C = O in quinine or quinone |
5 | 1644.47, 1517.28, 1425.74, 1393.18 | 1644.14, 1516.82, 1426.50, 1391.95 | -C = C- in aromatic rings, -C = O in highly conjugated carbonyl groups, and -C-H deformations in Alkanes |
6 | 1339.81, 1187.65, 1146.36, 1078.53 | 1360.57, 1223.45, 1079.16, 1040.23 | -C-O- in alcohols, phenols, ethers, esters, acids, epoxides, lactones, and carboxylic anhydrides |
7 | 875.55, 830.19, 744.37, 695.57 | 871.09, 831.03, 758.74, 695.74 | -C-C- deformations and out of plane -C-H deformations in aromatic rings |