Table 2 Antibacterial activity measured as zone of inhibition at 50 μl (100 mg/ml) of solvent extracts of Toona ciliata (leaf and flower) and standard antibiotics
From: Evaluation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities from Toona ciliata Roemer
SL no. | Pathogenic bacteria | Solvent extracts (50 μl) zone of inhibition in mm (MIC in mg/ml) | Antibiotics | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Human pathogens | Petroleum ether | Chloroform | Ethyl acetate | Methanol | Gentamicin | |
1 | Bacillus subtilis | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 34.66 ± 0.57 |
(ND) | (ND) | (ND) | (ND) | (0.156) | ||
2 | Escherichia coli | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 25.33 ± 0.57 |
(ND) | (ND) | (ND) | (ND) | (0.625) | ||
3 | Klebsiella pneumoniae | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 9.00 ± 0.00 | 21.33 ± 1.15 |
(ND) | (ND) | (ND) | (5) | (1.25) | ||
4 | Listeria monocytogenes | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 25.00 ± 1.00 |
(ND) | (ND) | (ND) | (ND) | (0.3125) | ||
5 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 25.00 ± 1.00 |
(ND) | (ND) | (ND) | (ND) | (0.3125) | ||
6 | Proteus mirabilis | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 20.66 ± 0.57 | 15.33 ± 0.57 | 30.66 ± 0.57 |
(ND) | (ND) | (2.5) | (2.5) | (0.156) | ||
7 | Salmonella typhi | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 10.00 ± 0.00 | 10.00 ± 0.00 | 30.00 ± 0.00 |
(ND) | (ND) | (5) | (5) | (0.156) | ||
8 | Staphylococcus aureus | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 12.66 ± 0.57 | 24.00 ± 1.00 |
(ND) | (ND) | (ND) | (5) | (0.625) | ||
9 | Staphylococcus epidermidis | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 13.33 ± 0.57 | 14.00 ± 0.00 | 28.66 ± 1.15 |
(ND) | (ND) | (5) | (5) | (0.156) | ||
10 | Vibrio parahaemolyticus | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 25.33 ± 0.57 |
(ND) | (ND) | (ND) | (ND) | (0.3125) | ||
| Â | Plant pathogens | Â | Â | Â | Â | Tetracycline |
11 | Erwinia carotovora | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 10.66 ± 0.57 | 11.66 ± 0.57 | 34.00 ± 1.00 |
(ND) | (ND) | (5) | (5) | (0.156) | ||
12 | Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. malvacearum | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 15.33 ± 0.57 | 13.66 ± 0.57 | 30.33 ± 0.57 |
(ND) | (ND) | (5) | (5) | (0.156) | ||
13 | Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 12.33 ± 0.57 | 8.33 ± 0.57 | 30.33 ± 0.57 |
(ND) | (ND) | (5) | (5) | (0.156) | ||
14 | Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 10.66 ± 0.57 | 12.00 ± 0.00 | 31.00 ± 0.00 |
(ND) | (ND) | (5) | (5) | (0.156) | ||