Table 4 Some examples of GQDs-based nanocomposites for fluorescence metabolite sensing
From: Graphene quantum dot nanocomposites: electroanalytical and optical sensor technology perspective
Material | GQD preparation method | Target analyte | Fluorescence technique | Linear range | LOD | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LDH–GQDs | Hydrothermal treatment (citric acid) | Ascorbic acid (AA) | Fluorescence “turn off–on” | 5 × 10−6–3 × 10−4 M | 1.72 × 10−6 M | Shi et al. (2021) |
N-GQDs@V2O5 | Hydrothermal treatment (citric acid and urea) | Cysteine | Fluorescence “turn off–on” | 1 × 10−7–1.25 × 10−4 M | 5 × 10−8 M | Ganganboina et al. (2018) |
MIPs@PIn-BAc/GQDs | Pyrolysis (citric acid) | Dopamine (DA) | Fluorescence quenching | 5 × 10−9–1.2 × 10−6 M | 2.5 × 10−9 M | Zhou et al. (2017) |
GQDs@AgNPs | Oxidative cutting (GO powder) | H2O2 | Fluorescence quenching | 5 × 10−7–1 × 10−4 M | 5 × 10−7 M | Mehata and Biswas (2021) |
GLY-GQDs-Ce (IV) | Pyrolysis | Ascorbic acid (AA) | Fluorescence “turn off–on” | 3 × 10−8–1.67 × 10−5 M | 2.5 × 10−8 M | Liu et al. (2017a) |
GQDs@GSH | Pyrolysis (citric acid) | Acid phosphatase (ACP) | Fluorescence “turn off–on” | 1 × 10−1–9 mU mL−1 | 2.7 × 10−2 mU mL−1 | Qu et al. (2019) |
Arg–GQDs | Hydrothermal treatment (citric acid) | Thiamine | Fluorescence “turn off–on” | 1 × 10−7–8 × 10−6 M | 5.3 × 10−8 M | Nemati et al. (2018) |
GQDs/AuNCs/ Fe2+ | Pyrolysis (trisodium citrate) | Glucose | Ratiometric fluorescence probe | 1 × 10−6–1.5 × 10−5 M | 1.8 × 10−7 M | Hong et al. (2020) |