Table 2 Some of the GQDs-based nanocomposites for amperometric and impedimetric sensors
From: Graphene quantum dot nanocomposites: electroanalytical and optical sensor technology perspective
Electrode material | GQD preparation method (precursor) | Target analyte | Electroanalytical technique | Linear range | LOD | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GQD-CS/CPE | Hydrothermal (citric acid) | Epinephrine (EP) | Amperometry | 3.6 × 10−7–3.8 × 10−4 M | 3.0 × 10−10 M | Tashkhourian et al. (2018) |
AuPd-ANPs/GQDs/ACF | Pyrolysis (citric acid) | Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) | Amperometry | 1.0 × 10−6–1.8 × 10−2 M | 5.0 × 10−7 M | Xu et al. (2018) |
PoxBNP/PB/SPCE | Commercial GQD from Sigma | Pyruvate | Amperometry | 1.0 × 10−5–7.5 × 10−4 M | 9.1 × 10−7 M | Thirumalai et al. (2020) |
GCE-N-GQDs-CoPc-Aptamer | Hydrothermal (citric acid) | Prostate-specific aptamer (PSA) | Impedimetric | 0.034–0.057 ng mL−1 | 0.044 ng mL−1 | Nxele and Nyokong (2021) |
GCE/PPy@SNGQDs/CoPc | Hydrothermal (citric acid) | Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 | Impedimetric | 1.0–10 ng mL−1 | 1.41 pg mL−1 | Centane and Nyokong (2021) |
GCE||CNS-AuNPs@ S-GQDs/Ang-2 | Pyrolysis (citric acid) | Glioma cell | Impedimetric | 100–100,000 cells mL−1 | 40 cells mL−1 | Ganganboina et al. (2021) |